XML can represent collections of similar items by repeating the same element within a parent container. This approach is commonly used for lists such as records, products, or messages.

Example: Repeating elements

<students>
    <student>
        <name>Ana</name>
    </student>
    <student>
        <name>Mark</name>
    </student>
</students>

Each <student> element represents an item in the list.